Banca de DEFESA: EDIJAILSON GONCALVES DA SILVA

EFFECT OF USING BENEFICIAL MICROORGANISMS IN THE CULTIVATION OF COMMON BEAN (PHASEOLUS VULGARIS)

Agreste region Pernanbucano; Bio-inputs; Coinoculation; Plant growth-promoting

Common beans (P. vulgaris L.) belong to the Fabaceae (Legume) family and have the ability to associate with nitrogen-fixing microorganisms, as well as benefit from interaction with fungi and bacteria that can contribute to nutrient solubilization, reduction of pathogenic microorganism activity, and mitigation of the impacts of water deficit on their vegetative and reproductive growth and development. Given this potential, the use of bio-inputs in common bean cultivation has become a viable option to reduce reliance on synthetic chemicals. In this context, coinoculations emerge as a promising approach to integrate disease control with a reduction in fertilizer use. The objective of this work was to assess the effect of biopesticide and biofertilizer coinoculation on the crop development of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) under the environmental conditions of the Pernambuco Agreste. The study was conducted under open field and in pots, within the experimental area of the Federal University of Agreste of Pernambuco (UFAPE). The experiment was carried out using a randomized complete block design in a factorial scheme [(2 x 3) + 3]. The treatments consisted of two biocontrol agents (Trichoderma harzianum, Trichoderma asperelloides, and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens) and three growth promoters: Bacillus aryabhattai (stress reliever), Azospirillum brasiliense, and Rhizobium tropici (biological nitrogen fixation), and Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus velezensis, Pseudomonas fluorescens (phosphorus solubilizer). Additionally, three controls were included: an absolute control (no fertilizer), organic matter (poultry litter), and a combination of organic (poultry litter) and mineral fertilization (100% NPK), with three replications. The combination of Trichoderma + stress reliever showed the best performance for vegetative growth traits. Furthermore, the coinoculations of Trichoderma + phosphorus solubilizer, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens + nitrogen fixer, and Trichoderma + stress reliever accounted for the best results in the reproductive variables of the common bean compared to the absolute control. The combinations of Trichoderma + phosphorus solubilizer and Trichoderma + stress reliever showed significant differences in the growth characteristics of the common bean compared to the poultry litter control. Regarding yield-related traits, no significant differences were observed in comparisons involving the poultry litter andconventional fertilization (NPK) controls. The combination of Trichoderma + stress reliever resulted in the lowest taproot necrosis index, whereas the highest indices were found in the combinations of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens + phosphorus solubilizer and B. amyloliquefaciens + nitrogen fixer. Overall, Trichoderma showed greater compatibility with the growth promoters for the analyzed variables compared to Bacillus amyloliquefaciens.