Banca de DEFESA: RAVÍ EMANOEL DE MELO
Uma banca de DEFESA de MESTRADO foi cadastrada pelo programa.STUDENT : RAVÍ EMANOEL DE MELO
DATE: 27/07/2023
TIME: 09:00
LOCAL: Sala de Aula do PPGPA/Garanhuns
TITLE:
EFFECT OF SEWAGE SLUDGE BIOCHAR ON THE CHARACTERISTICS OF A SANDY SOIL AND BEAN PRODUCTIVITY IN AGRESTE DE PERNAMBUCO
KEY WORDS:
Carbon sequestration; water resources; climate changes; organic matter; recalcitrance.
PAGES: 94
BIG AREA: Ciências Agrárias
AREA: Agronomia
SUBÁREA: Ciência do Solo
SPECIALTY: Física do Solo
SUMMARY:
With increasing urbanization and industrialization, sewage sludge generation in Brazil is around 370.000 metric tons. This residue contains beneficial elements, however, it presents harmful substances, pathogens and potentially toxic elements. Therefore, one of the alternatives for its sustainable use is thermochemical transformation through the pyrolysis process, reducing environmental risks and giving rise to sewage sludge biochar (SSB). The use of SSB in agriculture is a strategy from an agronomic and environmental point of view, as in addition to fertilizing arable soils, it acts in carbon sequestration, adsorption of pollutants, reduction of greenhouse gases, improvement of soil characteristics, and elevation of crop productivity. From this, the objective of the present work was to evaluate the effect of SSB on the physical, chemical and microbiological activity of the soil, as well as on the production, evapotranspiration (ET) and water use efficiency (AUE) of common bean, cultivated in the municipality from Sao Joao, Pernambuco. Two experiments were carried out, the first experiment with the common bean cultivar IAC Netuno (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), and the second experiment with the cowpea cultivar BRS Tumucumaque (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.). The experimental design used was randomized blocks, with 7 treatments and 4 blocks, for both cycles. Treatments consisted of 4 doses of SSB (5, 10, 20, 40 t ha-1), chicken manure (5 t ha-1), sewage sludge (5 t ha-1) and synthetic fertilizer (N, P, K). Physical characteristics were evaluated: soil density (Sd), total porosity (Tp) and field capacity (FC), chemical (pH, Na+, K+, Mg2+, SO42- and P available, N and C:N ratio), microbiological activity (MBC and TOC stocks), as well as ET, AUE, and production components: thousand grain weight (TGW); number of grains per pod (NGP); number of pods per plant (NPP); pod length (PL) and grain yield (GY). According to the results obtained, higher doses of SSB, from 20 t ha-1 significantly increased most of the analyzed variables. There was a positive effect of SSB and chicken manure on soil water storage, bean AUE, ET, chemical characteristics, increasing levels of available P and N in the soil and improving the C:N ratio. In the microbiological activity, SSB acted by increasing the stocks of TOC in the soil and in the production components, increasing the TGW, NGP, NPP and PL. GY was positively affected by the addition of chicken manure and SSB, the latter increased grain yield by 102% compared to the control treatment. No changes were observed in the physical characteristics of the soil. Through principal component analysis (PCA) it was possible to extinguish variables with little influence on the analysis, reducing the redundancy of the data set, enabling its better interpretation. In the PCA referring to the 0-10 cm layer, it was observed that the highest doses of biochar (20 and 40 t ha-1) were positively correlated with the microbiological activity of the soil, mainly with the contents of MBC and TOC, with the characteristics chemical, such as the levels of available K+, P and SO42-, and water, such as the AUE. Productivity components and N contents were influenced by the addition of chicken manure. In the 10-20 cm layer, the highest doses of biochar correlated positively with the available TOC, K+, P and SO42- contents. Chicken manure influenced N and Mg2+ levels. Based on the above, it is recommended to apply SSB doses from 20 t ha-1 on the bean crop cultivated in the Agreste Meridional of Pernambuco.
COMMITTEE MEMBERS:
Presidente - JOSE ROMUALDO DE SOUSA LIMA
Interno - ALEXANDRE TAVARES DA ROCHA
Externa ao Programa - ***.352.124-** - MARIA CAMILA DE BARROS SILVA - UFRPE