Occurrence of Campylobacter fetus subsp. venerealis and Tritrichomonas foetus in fresh and frozen bovine semen.
campylobacteriosis; trichomoniasis; bovine reproduction.
Microorganisms that cause infectious reproductive diseases negatively affect the efficiency parameters of cattle raising. Campylobacteriosis and trichomoniasis are one of the causes of reproductive disorders in herds. Early detection of these agents is a prerequisite for economically viable production. Bovine genital campylobacteriosis (CGB) is an infectious reproductive disease of cattle caused by Campylobacter fetus, comprising subspecies Campylobacter fetus subsp. fetus (Cff) and Campylobacter fetus subsp. venerealis (Cfv). The Bovine Trichomoniasis (BT) is a desease caused by a flagellated protozoan called Tritrichomonas foetus. In view of this, the objective of this work was to carry out an epidemiological study of infection by Campylobacter fetus subsp. venerealis and Tritrichomonas foetus in fresh and frozen semen. 135 samples of semen from bovine breeders of different breeds and aged over three years were analyzed. These samples were obtained at Artificial Insemination Centers and Northeast Region of Brazil (fresh semen - 84 samples). The collected samples were incubated in an oven at 37ºC for 7 days, where readings were performed in a phase contrast microscope at an increase of 200 or 400 times. Readings were performed three times (24, 72 and 96 hours after incubation). In the reading, the presence of Tritrichomonas was verified. The results obtained in the bivariate analysis showed that infection by Tritrichomonas foetus was found more frequently in bulls ≥ 5 years old (P < 0.05), but not for the type of farm (meat; milk P>0.05). In the Campylobacter fetus infection, both age and type of holding were not significant (P>0.05). Regarding the type of semen, the results showed that infection by Tritrichomonas foetus was found more frequently in fresh semen (P<0.05) while for Campylobacter fetus there was no difference (P> 0.05).